The Austrian capital is investing US$21bn in energy efficiency initiatives to end its reliance on Russian natural gas imports. The city is expanding its use of heat pumps, geothermal energy, and decentralised heating systems to provide sustainable warmth for residential and public buildings.
Shifting away from Russian gas
Vienna is making a decisive move to break free from its long-standing dependence on Russian gas. Through large-scale investments in energy-efficient heating solutions, including heat pumps and geothermal technology, the city aims to cut fossil fuel imports, lower emissions, and enhance air quality while bolstering renewable and local energy sources.
Unlocking geothermal potential
In the suburbs of Vienna, engineers are drilling deep to access the "Aderklaa Conglomerate," a geothermal reservoir containing hot water. Managed by Austria’s OMV AG, this project will harness high-temperature water to power heat pumps, supplying sustainable heating to 20,000 households.
Vienna’s commitment to energy transformation aligns with its target of reaching climate neutrality by 2040. The city first introduced its strategy in September 2023, but recent geopolitical shifts have heightened the urgency. Escalating fuel costs and Ukraine’s decision to halt Russian gas transit to Central Europe have further solidified Vienna’s resolve to achieve energy independence.
Strengthening district heating
Vienna is significantly expanding its district heating infrastructure, with plans to extend coverage to 400,000 households—placing it among Europe’s largest networks. Currently, the city’s primary heating source is a waste incineration facility designed by architect Friedensreich Hundertwasser, which already provides warmth for 200,000 homes.
To enhance efficiency, additional heat pump systems are being installed at other waste incineration sites. The city’s largest waste processing center has also incorporated a heat pump to boost energy output.
A large-scale overhaul of Vienna’s buildings is set to begin in 2026.
Addressing economic barriers
Vienna’s ambitious heating expansion comes with financial challenges, particularly in ensuring district heating remains competitive. Since heating costs are currently tied to natural gas prices, long-term supply agreements will be key to stabilizing costs. Despite these obstacles, officials remain confident.
“This is like a moon landing,” commented Jürgen Czernohorszky, Vienna’s Climate Councilor. “But our job is to take bold steps to reshape the city for the next century.” With significant investments and forward-thinking initiatives, Vienna is working toward a future free from Russian gas.